This AWS re:Invent 2023 session explores implementing application observability using Amazon CloudWatch and AWS X-Ray. Surbhi Dangi and Rodrigue Koffi demonstrate how to instrument applications, collect telemetry data, and leverage CloudWatch features like Live Tail, Logs Anomaly Detection, and Natural Language Query Generation. They showcase a demo application to illustrate real-time monitoring, log analysis, and troubleshooting techniques. The presenters emphasize the importance of progressive observability implementation, from basic instrumentation to advanced analytics and AI-powered insights. Key takeaways include strategies for operational readiness, cost optimization, and improving application performance through comprehensive observability practices.