In this video, Eric Hanchad, a front-end engineer at AWS, demonstrates how to add authorization rules to an existing AWS AppSync application using Amplify Studio. He shows how to configure permissions so that only admin users can delete items, while logged-in users can create and read data. Eric then updates a Next.js 13 application to implement these new authorization rules, including adding a delete button that only appears for admin users. He also covers how to use Cognito groups to manage user permissions and how to handle API requests securely on both the front-end and back-end. This tutorial provides a practical guide for developers looking to implement role-based access control in their AWS-powered web applications.