In this AWS re:Invent 2023 session, Gregor Hohpe explores the complexities of modern cloud applications and their potential for vendor lock-in. He challenges the common fear of lock-in by reframing it as a matter of switching costs and utility. Hohpe introduces multidimensional thinking to evaluate trade-offs, emphasizing that architecture is about making informed decisions rather than avoiding lock-in at all costs. He discusses strategies for managing switching costs, including using managed open source services, increasing development velocity, and maintaining clear design intent. The talk provides valuable insights for architects and decision-makers on balancing the benefits of cloud-native applications with flexibility concerns.