使用 CloudFormation 部署AppStream2.0 队列扩缩策略

客户可能希望部署 AppStream 2.0 队列，并可选择按容量和非高峰时间计划进行扩展。在一天中的任何时间为用户提供对 AppStream 实例的访问权限。

有两种类型的缩放扩缩, 计划扩缩和容量扩缩。这一系列解决方案提供了配置两种扩缩类型的选项，它们并不相互排斥，可以一起使用以获得最大的灵活性和成本控制。计划扩缩是通过可扩缩目标资源中的配置选项实现的。并且在这个表格中使用cron格式设置相关时间点来改变队列容量。容量扩展由 CloudWatch 指标上设置的警报驱动。这些警报与扩展策略（Scale-In 和 Scale-Out）交互，然后根据策略中配置的扩缩规则对可扩缩目标队列容量进行更改。

图 1. 计划扩缩

图 2. 容量扩缩

解决方案组件

所提供的解决方案旨在部署 AppStream 堆栈和支持资源，以拥有将根据提供的变量扩展的正在运行的堆栈和队列。使用了以下 AWS 资源：

IAM 角色（分配给 AppStream 队列实例）
安全组（分配给 AppStream 队列实例）
应用流堆栈
AppStream 队列
应用程序自动缩放可扩展目标
应用程序自动扩展扩展策略
- 缩减策略（定义缩减容量变化）
- 横向扩展策略（定义横向扩展容量变化）
CloudWatch 警报
- 缩减警报（触发缩减策略）
- 横向扩展警报（触发横向扩展策略）
- 容量警报（用于监控通知）

CloudFormation 解决方案

下列是一个AppStream堆栈部署的例子

Stack:
    Type: AWS::AppStream::Stack
    Properties : 
      ApplicationSettings : 
        Enabled: True
        SettingsGroup: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      Description : !Sub "${AWS::StackName} Appstream Stack"
      DisplayName : !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      Name : !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      StorageConnectors : 
        - ConnectorType: HOMEFOLDERS
      Tags: 
        - Key: Name 
          Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      UserSettings : 
        - Action: CLIPBOARD_COPY_FROM_LOCAL_DEVICE 
          Permission: !If [ EnableClipboardFromCondition, "ENABLED", "DISABLED"]
        - Action: CLIPBOARD_COPY_TO_LOCAL_DEVICE
          Permission: !If [ EnableClipboardToCondition, "ENABLED", "DISABLED"]
        - Action: FILE_DOWNLOAD
          Permission: !If [ EnableFileDownloadCondition, "ENABLED", "DISABLED"]
        - Action: FILE_UPLOAD
          Permission: !If [ EnableFileUploadCondition, "ENABLED", "DISABLED"]
        - Action: PRINTING_TO_LOCAL_DEVICE
          Permission: !If [ EnablePrintingCondition, "ENABLED", "DISABLED"]

下列是一个AppStream队列部署的例子

Fleet:
    Type: AWS::AppStream::Fleet
    Properties: 
      ComputeCapacity: 
        DesiredInstances: !Ref DesiredInstances
      Description: !Sub "${AWS::StackName} Appstream Fleet"
      DisconnectTimeoutInSeconds : !Ref DisconnectTimeout
      DisplayName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      EnableDefaultInternetAccess: False
      FleetType: !Ref FleetType
      ImageArn : !Ref ImageArn
      IamRoleArn: !GetAtt IamRole.Arn
      InstanceType: !Ref InstanceType
      MaxUserDurationInSeconds: !Ref MaxUserDuration
      Name: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      Tags: 
        - Key: Name 
          Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      VpcConfig : 
        SecurityGroupIds:
          - !Ref SecurityGroup
        SubnetIds: !Ref Subnets

下列是一个AppStream队列计划扩缩部署的例子

ScalableTarget:
    DependsOn:
      - Fleet
    Type: AWS::ApplicationAutoScaling::ScalableTarget
    Properties: 
      MaxCapacity: !Ref MaxInstances
      MinCapacity: !Ref MinInstances
      ResourceId: !Sub "fleet/${AWS::StackName}" 
      RoleARN: !Sub "arn:aws:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/aws-service-role/appstream.application-autoscaling.amazonaws.com/AWSServiceRoleForApplicationAutoScaling_AppStreamFleet"
      ScalableDimension: appstream:fleet:DesiredCapacity
      ServiceNamespace: appstream
      ScheduledActions: 
        - 
          Schedule: !Ref ScaleInSchedule
          ScheduledActionName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-scalein-schedule"
          ScalableTargetAction: 
              MinCapacity: !Ref OffPeakMinInstances
              MaxCapacity: !Ref OffPeakMaxInstances
          Timezone: !Ref Timezone
        - 
          Schedule: !Ref ScaleOutSchedule
          ScheduledActionName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-scaleout-schedule"
          ScalableTargetAction: 
              MinCapacity: !Ref MinInstances
              MaxCapacity: !Ref MaxInstances
          Timezone: !Ref Timezone 
      SuspendedState: 
        DynamicScalingInSuspended: false
        DynamicScalingOutSuspended: false
        ScheduledScalingSuspended: false

参数名称	说明	默认值
DesiredInstances	队列的初始所需实例数量	n/a
MinInstances	高峰时段的最小队列规模	n/a
MaxInstances	高峰时段的最大队列规模	n/a
OffPeakMinInstances	非高峰时段的最小队列规模	n/a
OffPeakMaxInstances	非高峰时段的最大队列规模	n/a
AlarmArn	现有的 SNS Arn用于容量通知	n/a
CapacityAlarmThreshold	触发警报的容量阈值	80
ScaleInSchedule	按计划缩放默认值以cron 格式	cron(0 18 ? * MON-FRI *)
ScaleOutSchedule	按计划扩展默认值以cron 格式	cron(0 8 ? * MON-FRI *)

下列是一个AppStream队列容量扩缩部署的例子

ScalableTarget:
    DependsOn:
      - Fleet
    Type: AWS::ApplicationAutoScaling::ScalableTarget
    Properties: 
      MaxCapacity: !Ref MaxInstances
      MinCapacity: !Ref MinInstances
      ResourceId: !Sub "fleet/${AWS::StackName}" 
      RoleARN: !Sub "arn:aws:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/aws-service-role/appstream.application-autoscaling.amazonaws.com/AWSServiceRoleForApplicationAutoScaling_AppStreamFleet"
      ScalableDimension: appstream:fleet:DesiredCapacity
      ServiceNamespace: appstream
      SuspendedState: 
        DynamicScalingInSuspended: false
        DynamicScalingOutSuspended: false
        ScheduledScalingSuspended: false

  ScalingOutPolicy:
    DependsOn:
      - ScalableTarget
    Type: AWS::ApplicationAutoScaling::ScalingPolicy
    Properties: 
      PolicyName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-scale-out"
      PolicyType: StepScaling
      ScalingTargetId: !Ref ScalableTarget
      StepScalingPolicyConfiguration: 
        AdjustmentType: !Ref ScaleOutAdjustmentType
        Cooldown: 120
        MetricAggregationType: Average
        StepAdjustments: 
          - MetricIntervalLowerBound : 0
            ScalingAdjustment : !Ref ScaleOutAdjustmentValue

  ScalingInPolicy:
    DependsOn:
      - ScalableTarget
    Type: AWS::ApplicationAutoScaling::ScalingPolicy
    Properties: 
      PolicyName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-scale-in"
      PolicyType: StepScaling
      ScalingTargetId: !Ref ScalableTarget
      StepScalingPolicyConfiguration: 
        AdjustmentType: !Ref ScaleInAdjustmentType
        Cooldown: 120
        MetricAggregationType: Average
        StepAdjustments: 
          - MetricIntervalUpperBound : 0
            MetricIntervalLowerBound : -5
            ScalingAdjustment : !Ref ScaleInAdjustmentValue
          - MetricIntervalUpperBound : -5 
            ScalingAdjustment : !Ref ScaleInAdjustmentValue

  ScaleOutCapacityAlarm:
    DependsOn:
      - ScalingOutPolicy
    Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
    Properties: 
      ActionsEnabled: true
      AlarmActions: 
        - !Ref ScalingOutPolicy
      AlarmDescription: String
      ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanOrEqualToThreshold
      Dimensions: 
        - Name: Fleet
          Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      EvaluationPeriods: 3
      MetricName: CapacityUtilization
      Namespace: AWS/AppStream
      Period: 60
      Statistic: Average
      Threshold: !Ref ScaleOutThreshold

  ScaleInCapacityAlarm:
    DependsOn:
      - ScalingInPolicy
    Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
    Properties: 
      ActionsEnabled: true
      AlarmActions: 
        - !Ref ScalingInPolicy
      AlarmDescription: String
      ComparisonOperator: LessThanThreshold
      Dimensions: 
        - Name: Fleet
          Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"
      EvaluationPeriods: 5
      MetricName: CapacityUtilization
      Namespace: AWS/AppStream
      Period: 120
      Statistic: Average
      Threshold: !Ref ScaleInThreshold

  CapacityAlarm:
    Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
    Properties: 
      ActionsEnabled: true
      AlarmActions: 
        - Fn::If:
          - HasAlarmCondition 
          - !Ref AlarmArn
          - !Ref AWS::NoValue
      OKActions:
        - Fn::If:
          - HasAlarmCondition 
          - !Ref AlarmArn
          - !Ref AWS::NoValue
      AlarmDescription: String
      ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanThreshold
      Dimensions: 
        - Name: Fleet
          Value: !Ref Fleet
      EvaluationPeriods: 5
      MetricName: CapacityUtilization
      Namespace: AWS/AppStream
      Period: 120
      Statistic: Average
      Threshold: !Ref CapacityAlarmThreshold

参数名称	说明	默认值
DesiredInstances	队列的初始所需实例数量	n/a
MinInstances	高峰时段的最小队列规模	n/a
MaxInstances	高峰时段的最大队列规模	n/a
AlarmArn	现有的 SNS Arn用于容量通知	n/a
CapacityAlarmThreshold	触发警报的容量阈值	80
ScaleOutAdjustmentType	向外扩展时的调整更改类型	[PercentChangeInCapacity, ChangeInCapacity]
ScaleOutAdjustmentValue	调整值与类型结合使用	1
ScaleOutThreshold	触发横向扩展的阈值百分比	60
ScaleInAdjustmentType	缩放时的调整更改类型	[PercentChangeInCapacity, ChangeInCapacity]
ScaleInAdjustmentValue	调整值与类型结合使用	1
ScaleInThreshold	触发缩放的阈值百分比	40

亚马逊AWS官方博客

使用 CloudFormation 部署AppStream2.0 队列扩缩策略

解决方案组件

CloudFormation 解决方案

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