General Purpose

  • T4g

  • T4g instances are the next generation burstable general-purpose instance type that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst CPU usage at any time for as long as required. T4g instances offer a balance of compute, memory, and network resources and are ideal for database workloads with moderate CPU usage that experience temporary spikes in use.

    T4g instances accumulate CPU credits when a workload is operating below baseline threshold. Each earned CPU credit provides the T4g instance the opportunity to burst with the performance of a full CPU core for one minute when needed. Amazon RDS T4g instances are configured for Unlimited mode, which means they can burst beyond the baseline over a 24-hour window for an additional charge.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Burstable CPU, governed by CPU Credits, and consistent baseline performance
    • Unlimited mode to ensure performance during peak periods
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model vCPU* CPU Credits/hour Mem (GiB) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.t4g.medium 2
    		 24
    		 4 Up to 5
    db.t4g.large 2 36 8 Up to 5

    All instances have the following specs:

  • T3

  • T3 instances are the next generation burstable general-purpose instance type that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst CPU usage at any time for as long as required. T3 instances offer a balance of compute, memory, and network resources and are ideal for database workloads with moderate CPU usage that experience temporary spikes in use.

    T3 instances accumulate CPU credits when a workload is operating below baseline threshold. Each earned CPU credit provides the T3 instance the opportunity to burst with the performance of a full CPU core for one minute when needed. Amazon Aurora T3 instances are configured for Unlimited mode, which means they can burst beyond the baseline over a 24-hour window for an additional charge.

    T3 instance types are only available with the MySQL-compatible edition of Amazon Aurora.

    Features:

    • Burstable CPU, governed by CPU Credits, and consistent baseline performance
    • Unlimited mode to ensure performance during peak periods
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    • AWS Nitro System and high frequency Intel Xeon Scalable processors result in better price performance than T2 instances
    Model vCPU* CPU Credits/hour Mem (GiB) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.t3.small 2
    		 24
    		 2 Up to 5
    db.t3.medium 2 24
    		 4 Up to 5
    db.t3.large 2 36
    		 8 Up to 5

    All instances have the following specs:

  • T2

  • T2 instances are burstable general-purpose performance instances that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline. T2 instances are a good choice for a variety of database workloads including micro-services and test and staging databases.

    The baseline performance and ability to burst are governed by CPU Credits. T2 instances receive CPU Credits continuously at a set rate depending on the instance size, accumulating CPU Credits when they are idle, and consuming CPU credits when they are active. 

    T2 instance types are only available with the MySQL-compatible edition of Amazon Aurora.

    Features:

    • High frequency Intel Xeon processors
    • Burstable CPU, governed by CPU Credits, and consistent baseline performance
    • Lowest-cost general purpose instance type
    • Balance of compute, memory, and network resources

     

    Model vCPU* CPU Credits/hour Mem (GiB) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.t2.small 1 12 2 Low to Moderate
    db.t2.medium 2 24 4 Low to Moderate

    All instances have the following specs:

    • Intel AVX, Intel Turbo
    • db.t2.small, db.t2.medium have up to 3.3 GHz Intel Scalable Processor

Memory Optimized

  • R8g

  • R8g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton4 processors.

    Features:

    • Powered by custom-built AWS Graviton4 processors
    • Larger instance sizes with up to 3x more vCPUs and memory than R7g instances
    • Features the latest DDR5-5600 memory
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r8g.large 2 16 Up to 12.5
    db.r8g.xlarge 4 32 Up to 12.5
    db.r8g.2xlarge 8 64 Up to 15
    db.r8g.4xlarge 16 128 Up to 15
    db.r8g.8xlarge 32 256 15
    db.r8g.12xlarge 48 384 22.5
    db.r8g.16xlarge 64 512 30
    db.r8g.24xlarge 96 768 40
    db.r8g.48xlarge 192 1,536 50
  • R7i

  • R7i instances are powered by 4th Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors and are an ideal fit for memory-intensive workloads.

    Features:

    • Up to 3.2 GHz 4th Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processor (Sapphire Rapids 8488C)
    • Latest DDR5 memory, which offers more bandwidth compared to DDR4
    • Up to 192 vCPUs and 1,536GiB memory
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r7i.large 2 16 Up to 12.5
    db.r7i.xlarge 4 32 Up to 12.5
    db.r7i.2xlarge 8 64 Up to 12.5
    db.r7i.4xlarge 16 128 Up to 12.5
    db.r7i.8xlarge 32 256 12.5
    db.r7i.12xlarge 48 384 18.75
    db.r7i.16xlarge 64 512 22.5
    db.r7i.24xlarge 96 768 37.5
    db.r7i.48xlarge 192 1,536 50
  • R7g

  • R7g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton3 processors.

    Features:

    • Powered by custom-built AWS Graviton3 processors
    • Features the latest DDR5 memory that offers 50% more bandwidth compared to DDR4
    • 20% higher enhanced networking bandwidth compared to R6g instances
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r7g.large 2 16 Up to 12.5
    db.r7g.xlarge 4 32 Up to 12.5
    db.r7g.2xlarge 8 64 Up to 15
    db.r7g.4xlarge 16 128 Up to 15
    db.r7g.8xlarge 32 256 15
    db.r7g.12xlarge 48 384 22.5
    db.r7g.16xlarge 64 512 30
  • R6i

  • R6i instances are powered by 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (code named Ice Lake) and are an ideal fit for memory-intensive workloads.

    Features:

    • Up to 3.5 GHz 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Ice Lake 8375C)
    • Up to 15% better compute price performance over R5 instances
    • Up to 20% higher memory bandwidth per vCPU compared to R5 instances
    • Up to 50 Gbps of networking speed
    • A new instance size (32xlarge) with 128 vCPUs and 1,024 GiB of memory
    • Supports Elastic Fabric Adapter on the 32xlarge and metal sizes
    • Built on the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    • Support for always-on memory encryption using Intel Total Memory Encryption (TME)
    • Support for new Intel Advanced Vector Extension (AVX 512) instructions for faster execution of cryptographic algorithms
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r6i.large 2 16 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.xlarge 4 32 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.2xlarge 8 64 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.4xlarge 16 128 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.8xlarge 32 256 12.5
    db.r6i.12xlarge 48 384 18.75
    db.r6i.16xlarge 64 512 25
    db.r6i.24xlarge 96 768 37.5
    db.r6i.32xlarge 128 1,024 50
  • R6g

  • R6g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton2 processors.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Support for Enhanced Networking with up to 25 Gbps of Network bandwidth
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r6g.large 2 16 Up to 10
    db.r6g.xlarge 4 32 Up to 10
    db.r6g.2xlarge 8 64 Up to 10
    db.r6g.4xlarge 16 128 Up to 10
    db.r6g.8xlarge 32 256 12
    db.r6g.12xlarge 48 384 20
    db.r6g.16xlarge 64 512 25
  • R5

  • R5 instances are the latest generation of memory optimized instances that deliver 5% additional memory per vCPU than R4 with the largest size providing 768 GiB of memory. In addition, R5 instances deliver ~20% increased CPU performance over R4.

    Features:

    • Up to 768 GiB of memory per instance
    • Intel Xeon Platinum 8000 series (Skylake-SP) processors with a sustained all core Turbo CPU clock speed of up to 3.1 GHz
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r5.large 2 16 Up to 10
    db.r5.xlarge 4 32 Up to 10
    db.r5.2xlarge 8 64 Up to 10
    db.r5.4xlarge 16 128 Up to 10
    db.r5.12xlarge 48 384 10
    db.r5.24xlarge 96 768 25

    All instances have the following specs:

    • Up to 3.1 GHz Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8000 Processor
    • Intel AVX, Intel AVX2, Intel Turbo
    • Enhanced Networking
  • R4

  • R4 instances are optimized for memory-intensive database workloads and offer better price per GiB of RAM than R3.

    Features:

    • High Frequency Intel Xeon E5-2686 v4 (Broadwell) processors
    • DDR4 Memory
    • Support for Enhanced Networking
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Storage Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r4.large 2 15.25 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.xlarge 4 30.5 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.2xlarge 8 61 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.4xlarge 16 122 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.8xlarge 32 244 EBS-Only 10
    db.r4.16xlarge 64 488 EBS-Only 25

    All instances have the following specs:

  • X2g

  • X2g instances are optimized for high-performance databases with the lowest price per GiB of RAM among instance types for MySQL and PostgreSQL databases.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Up to 1,024 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory
    • Support for Enhanced Networking with Up to 25 Gbps of Network bandwidth
    Model vCPU Mem (GiB) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.x2g.large 2 32 Up to 10
    db.x2g.xlarge 4 64 Up to 10
    db.x2g.2xlarge 8 128 Up to 10
    db.x2g.4xlarge 16 256 Up to 10
    db.x2g.8xlarge 32 512 12
    db.x2g.12xlarge 48 768 20
    db.x2g.16xlarge 64 1,024 25

Instance Features

Amazon Aurora database instances provide a number of additional features to help you deploy, manage, and scale your database workloads.

Burstable Performance Instances

Amazon Aurora allows you to choose between Fixed Performance Instances (e.g. R5) and Burstable Performance Instances (e.g. T3). Burstable Performance Instances provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline.

Amazon Aurora T3 instances can sustain high CPU performance for as long as a workload needs it. For most general-purpose workloads, T3 instances will provide ample performance without any additional charges. The hourly T3 instance price automatically covers all interim spikes in usage when the average CPU utilization of a T3 instance is at or less than the baseline over a 24-hour window.

T3 instances’ baseline performance and ability to burst are governed by CPU Credits. Each T3 instance receives CPU Credits continuously, the rate of which depends on the instance size. T3 instances accrue CPU Credits when they are idle, and use CPU credits when they are active. A CPU Credit provides the performance of a full CPU core for one minute.

For example, a db.t3.small instance receives credits continuously at a rate of 12 CPU Credits per hour. This capability provides baseline performance equivalent to 20% of a CPU core (20% x 60 mins = 12 mins). If the instance does not use the credits it receives, they are stored in its CPU Credit balance up to a maximum of 288 CPU Credits. When the t3.small instance needs to burst to more than 20% of a core, it draws from its CPU Credit balance to handle this surge automatically.

While Amazon Aurora T2 instances are restricted to baseline performance once the CPU Credit balance is drawn down to zero, Amazon Aurora T3 instances can burst above the baseline even when its CPU Credit balance is zero. For a vast majority of database workloads where the average CPU utilization is at or below the baseline performance, the basic hourly price for t3.small covers all CPU bursts. If the instance happens to run at an average 25% CPU utilization (5% above baseline) over a period of 24 hours after its CPU Credit balance is drawn to zero, it will be charged an additional 9 cents (7.5 cents/vCPU-hour x 1 vCPU x 5% x 24 hours). See Amazon Aurora Pricing for pricing details.

Many database workloads don’t need consistently high levels of CPU, but benefit significantly from having full access to very fast CPUs when they need them. Burstable Performance instances are engineered specifically for these use cases. If you need consistently high CPU performance for your database, we recommend you use Fixed Performance Instances.

Enhanced Networking

Enhanced Networking enables you to get significantly higher packet per second (PPS) performance, lower network jitter and lower latencies. This feature uses a network virtualization stack that provides higher I/O performance and lower CPU utilization compared to traditional implementations. Amazon Aurora automatically enables Enhanced Networking for supported database instance types.